Why is that? Visit the new DW website Take a look at the beta version of dw. Go to the new dw. More info OK. Wrong language? Change it here DW. COM has chosen English as your language setting. COM in 30 languages. Deutsche Welle. Audiotrainer Deutschtrainer Die Bienenretter. Science Five freaky contagions that affect human behavior A virus that commonly infects algae has now been shown to infect humans and make us process visual information slower than is normal.
ATCV-1 chlorovirus and visual cognition speed Researchers recently discovered that a virus typically infecting algae is also infecting humans - tests of almost people found more than 40 percent were infected with ATCV Toxoplasma and sociability Cats harbor the Toxoplasma gondii parasite in their scat. The existing vaccine is useful and will prevent it, but not recommended for every single dog. Luckily, the infection usually lasts up to two weeks and will go away unless further complications, such as severe pneumonia, occur.
The type 2 adenovirus is a disease of puppies primarily. It affects young dogs that have lost their maternal antibody protection, as well as unvaccinated dogs. The infection is unpredictable and can pass after mild symptoms or cause fatal bronchopneumonia. Clinical signs of this virus in dogs are very general and may include fever, dry cough, lethargy, and tracheobronchitis with mycoplasmas.
Without secondary bacterial infections, recovery usually is expected within 10 to 15 days. The canine parvovirus type 2 causes parvo , one of the most severe, often fatal viral infections in dogs, primarily young ones. This highly contagious virus in dogs is spread mainly by direct contact between canines. Other ways of transmission are contaminated stool, leashes, equipment, and people, who can spread it by their hands. It causes problems in a dog's gastrointestinal system, followed by fever, dehydration, bloody diarrhea, vomiting, and lack of appetite.
Luckily, timely vaccination has been shown to effectively protect dogs from parvo. Since the virus can survive in the environment for approximately two months, it is recommended to clean the area where the dog lives, particularly using sodium hypochlorite or peroxide compounds.
A different and less common classification of parvo , the canine parvovirus type 1 causes respiratory infections in puppies with a fatal outcome. Clinical signs include anorexia, dyspnea, vomiting, and dullness. This contagious dog virus can survive in the air and infect the dog in direct contact from the respiratory secretions of the infected animals. The common symptoms of this fatal infection are fever, coughing, seizures, nasal discharge, runny eyes, diarrhea, vomiting, lack of appetite, and paralysis.
In , researchers described a new strain of this virus after an increased number of cases of infected dogs worldwide. Luckily, a core vaccine for canine distemper virus is very effective at protecting dogs and is essential in many countries. Canine herpesvirus disease, primarily affecting puppies, is highly contagious and often fatal. It occurs in newborn dogs under three weeks of age, even though maternal antibodies protect most of them. The carriers of the virus are adult dogs, and most puppies get infected transplacentally.
The main symptoms include hemorrhages and disseminated necrosis of a puppy's kidneys, lungs, and liver. In most cases, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dyspnea, and anorexia are the most prominent symptoms.
In female dogs, the virus usually causes infertility, vaginitis, and abortion. The most often clinical signs of infectious canine hepatitis in dogs include jaundice, anorexia, conjunctivitis, fever, bleeding, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and blue eye corneal opacity in a dog's eyes.
In particularly severe cases, the dog can develop CNS signs such as seizures, disorientation, and terminal coma. Emergence as a biological process a Non-human reservoirs More than two-thirds of human virus species are zoonotic, i. Figure 3. Figure 4. Conclusions The lines of evidence described earlier combine to suggest the following tentative model of the emergence process for novel human viruses.
References 1. Levine A. History of virology. In Fields virology eds Fields B. Woolhouse M. Ecological origins of novel human pathogens.
Population biology of emerging and re-emerging pathogens: preface. B , — Parrish C. Molecular epidemiology of parvoviruses. Temporal trends in the discovery of human viruses. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.
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Identification of a third human polyomavirus. Chua K. A previously unknown reovirus of bat origin is associated with an acute respiratory disease in humans. USA , 11 —11 Gaynor A. Identification of a novel polyomavirus from patients with acute respiratory tract infections.
PLoS Pathog. Finkbeiner S. Complete genome sequence of a highly divergent astrovirus isolated from a child with acute diarrhea. Towner J. Newly discovered Ebola virus associated with hemorrhagic fever outbreak in Uganda. Kapoor A. A newly identified bocavirus species in human stool.
A highly prevalent and genetically diversified Picornaviridae genus in South Asian children. USA , 20 —20 Holtz L. Identification of a novel picornavirus related to cosaviruses in a child with acute diarrhea.
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A novel picornavirus associated with gastroenteritis. Briese T. Genetic detection and characterization of Lujo virus, a new hemorrhagic fever-associated arenavirus from Southern Africa. Taylor L.
Risk factors for human disease emergence. Host range and emerging and re-emerging pathogens. Population biology of multi-host pathogens. Science , — Simmonds P. Reconstructing the origins of human hepatitis viruses.
DOGS could end up spreading a deadly influenza among humans and spark a Spanish flu style pandemic which could kill millions. A 10 year study at Korea University in South Korea has found types of flu which spread between animals may actually be able to mutate and then jump from dogs or even cats to humans.
But what makes this really dangerous is that the strains will be unknown. Because doctors and scientists will not know what the bugs are at first, treatments will take time to develop.
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